A common itchy skin disease characterized by reddening and vesicle formation, which may lead to weeping and crusting.
It is endogenous, i.e. outside agents do not play a primary role, in contrast to dermatitis, in which similar symptoms result from
contact with irritant substances. However, in some contexts the terms ‘dermatitis’ and ‘eczema’ are used interchangeably.
There are several types of eczema, the most common of which is atopic eczema, which is usually associated with asthma and hay fever.

Seborrhoeic eczema (or dermatitis) involves the scalp, eyelids, nose, and lips, and is associated with the presence of Pityrosporum yeasts.

Gravitational (or stasis) eczema, incorrectly known as varicose eczema, is associated with poor circulation.
Treatment of eczema is with topical steroids but emollients are very important, especially in treating mild cases.
Other treatments include coal tar and ichthammol. Cyclosporin is reserved for severe atopic eczema that is resistant to other treatments.